Prednosti od skeniranje sonda mikroskopija to su posebno
The Unique Advantages of Scanning Probe Microscope Predgovornik:
When the history developed to the 1980s, a new type of surface analysis instrument based on physics and integrating a variety of modern technologies - scanning probe microscope (STM) was born. STM not only has a very high spatial resolution (up to O.1nm in the horizontal direction, better Than O. 01nm in the vertical direction), it can directly observe the atomic structure of the material surface, and it can also manipulate atoms and molecules, so that human Subjektive will is namenut on nature. It can be said that the scanning probe microscope is the extension of human eyes and hands, and the crystallization of of human human wisdom.
The Working Principle of The Scanning Probe Microscope Is Based On Various Physical Karakteristike In The Microscopic Range, And Detects The InterBetween The The Two when Scanning The Surface of The Substance To Be Studied By An Atomic Thin Probe, So As to obtain The The Study The Surface Properties of Matter, the main difference between the different types of SPMs is their tip properties and their corresponding ways in which the tip interakcije with the sample.
The working principle dolazi from the tunneling principle in quantum meha. Its core is a igla tip that can scan on the surface of the sample, has a certain bias voltage with the sample, and has a promjer of atomic scale. Since the probability of electron tunneling has a negative eksponencijalno relationship with the width of the potential barrier V(r), when the distance between the tip and the sample is very close, the potential barrier between them bes very thin, and the electron clouds overlap each other. When a voltage is primijenjeno, elektroni can be transferred from the tip to the sample or the sample to the tip the tip through the te the tunnel effect, forming a tunnel struja. By recording the change of the tunnel current between the the ifle tip and the sample, the information of the surface topography of the sample can be dobiveno.
(1) It has atomska razina visoka rezolucija. The resolution of STM in the direction parallel to and perpendicular to the sample surface can reach 0.1nm and 0}.01nm, respectively, and single atoms can be resolved.
(2) The trodimenzionalno slika of the surface in real space can be dobiveno in real time, which can be used for the study of periodic or non-periodic surface structure. This observable performance can be used for the study of dynamic processes such as surface diffusion.
(3) It is possible to observe the local surface structure of a single atomic layer, rather than the individual image or the average properties of the entire surface, so surface 42c Surface Reconstruction, The Surface Defects, Surface Reconstruction, The Morfologija i položaj of surface adsorbents, and the changes Caused by adsorbents can be directly observed. Surface rekonstrukcija, itd.
(4) It can work in different environments such as vakuum, atmosphere, and normal temperatura, and immerse the sample in water and other solutions, without special sample preparation technology, and the detection process will not damage the the sample. These features are especial appropriate for the study of biological samples and the evaluation of sample surfaces under different experimental conditions, such as monitoring of heterogeno katalitički mehanizmi, supravodljivo mehanizmi, elektrode surface changes tijekom elektrokemijske reakcije.
(5) Cooperating with STS (Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy), information about the surface electronic structure can be obtained, such as the density of states at different levels of the surface, surface electron wells, changes in surface potential barriers, and energy gap structures.
