Optički mikroskop struktura opis
1. Mehanički dio:
The mehanički part of the mikroskop includes the lens base, lens barrel, objective converter, stage, pusher, coarse adjustment handwheel, fine adjustment handwheel and other components.
1) Mirror baza: The mirror base is the basic bracket of the microscope. It sastoji se od dva dijelova: the base and the mirror arm. There is a stage and lens tube attached to it, which is the basis for installing the the components of the optical magnification system. The base and mirror arms stabilize and support the entire microscope.
2) Leća cijev: The okular is povezano to gornji dio of the leća cijev i the pretvarač is povezano to the donje dio, forming a tamna soba između the eyepiece and the objective lens (installed under the the converter). The distance from the rear edge of the objektiv to the rear end of the lens tube is called the Mechanical tube length. Because the magnification of the objective lens is based on a certain length of the the lens barrel. Changes the the length of the lens barrel not only change the magnification, but also affect the image quality. Stoga, when using a microscope, the length the lens barrel cannot be changed proizvoljno. The international standard barrel length of a microscope is 160mm, and this number is usually marked on the outer shell of the objective lens. There are two types of lens lens cijevi: jednocijevne leće i binokularne leće. Jednocijevne leće cijevi cijevi are podijeljene u uspravno nagnute tipove, while binokularne leće cijevi are all nagnute.
3) Objective objektiv pretvarač: Three to four objective leće can can leće can be installed on the objektiv lens pretvarač, obično tri objektiv leće (nisko uveća, visoko uveća i ulje leća). By okret the pretvarač, you can align one of the objective leće with the lens barrel as needed (napomena to you are rotating the converter to change the lens, you cannot hold the objective lens to rotate), and form a uvećanje sustav sa okularom.
4) Stage: There is a hole in the center of the stage, which is a light channel. There are spring sample stezaljke i potiskivač installed on the stage, which are used to fix and move the position of the the sample so that the microscope object is exactly in the center of the field of view.
5) Potiskivač: It is a mehanički uređaj for pokret uzorci. It is komponirano of a metal frame with two pushing shafts, one horizontal and one vertical. A good microscope has scales engraved on the vertical and horizontal frame štaps to form a a precise plane koordinata. Tie. If we need to observe a certain part re��2c we can write down the values of the vertical and horizontal rulers and then move za the ista vrijednost to find it.
6) Grubo podešavanje ručni kotač (grubo spiralno): The grubo podešavanje ručni kotač je a uređaj to brzo pokreti to adjust the distance between the objective lens and the sample.
7) Fine adjustment handwheel (fine spiral): The coarse adjustment handwheel can only roughly adjust the focus. To get the clearest object image, you need to use the macro spiral for fine adjustment.
2. Rasvjeta dio
Instalirano ispod the stage, it sastoji se od a reflektor (or light source), kondenzator i otvor.
1) Reflektor: Early optical mikroskopi korišteni prirodno svjetlo to ispitan objekti, i a reflektor was installed on the mirror base. A reflektor is composed of a flat surface and another concave mirror, which can reflect the light projected on it to the kondenser leća to illuminate the sample. Concave mirrors are also used to focus light. Modern optica mikroskopi općenito use use electric light sources without reflektora, and can adjust the svjetlo intenzitet.
2) Koncentrator: The kondenzator je pot the stage. It kondenza of a set of kondenzator leće i a podizanje vijak. The kondenzator is installed under the stage, and its function is to focus the light reflected by the light source on the sample to obte the strongest illumination, so that the object image can be bright and clear. The height of the condenser can be adjusted so that the focus falls on the object being inspected to obtain maximum svjetlina. Općenito, the the focus of the kondenser is 1,25mm above it, and its lifting limit is 0}.1mm below the stage plane. Therefore, it is required that the thickness of the slide should be between 0}.8 and 1.2 mm, otherwise the sample to be in in In Effect Of Microscopic Examination Will Be Impact.
3) Otvor blende: There is also an iridescent aperture in front of the the lens group of the kondenzator. It can be opened and closed to control the amount of light passing through, thus affecting the resolution and contrast of imaging. If the iridescent aperture is opened too large, it will exceed the value of the objective lens. When the aperture is too small, light spots will occur; if the Iridescent otvor blende is too small, the resolution will decrease and the contrast will increase. Therefore, when promatrajući, adjust the prelijevajući otvor blende i then open the field diaphgm (mikroskop s polje dijafragma) to outside of the the periphery of the field of view, so to no light is light is illuminated outside the field of view to avoid scattering light interference.
